Stress urinary incontinence is a form of urinary incontinence and it occurs when there is unintentional release of urine during physical actions or movements that apply pressure to the bladder. These activities include coughing, sneezing, laughing, lifting heavy objects, or even basic motions like standing up or walking. The term “stress” in stress urinary incontinence denotes the pressure exerted on the bladder during these actions, which can lead to weakened bladder muscles or malfunctioning of the urethral sphincter, the muscle responsible for controlling urine flow.

More common in women, stress urinary incontinence affects most especially after childbirth and during menopause. However, it can also affect men, especially those who have had prostate surgery. In women, childbirth and hormonal changes can lead to weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and the support structures around the bladder, increasing the risk.

Individuals with stress urinary incontinence may experience improvement in their condition by weight control (for obese patients) and reducing caffeine intake.

> Pelvic Floor Exercises

Also known as Kegel exercises, these involve strengthening the pelvic floor muscles to improve bladder control.

> Surgery

Surgery may be necessary for individuals with stress urinary incontinence when other methods have failed. The types of surgery includes:

>>> Synthetic mid-urethral tape

Synthetic mid-urethral tape is a sling of man-made mesh placed under the urethra to provide support and prevent leakage during activities that increase abdominal pressure.

>>> Open colposuspension

Open colposuspension is a surgical procedure that involves attaching the neck of the bladder to nearby structures to provide better support and reduce urinary leakage during physical activities. It is also known as Burch colposuspension.